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content="2025-05-03T16:58:00"> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026"/> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit"> <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> </head> <body lang=TR link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72" style='tab-interval:35.4pt; word-wrap:break-word'> <div class=WordSection1> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>&nbsp;</span><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Resim_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:372pt;height:513pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Book_dosyalar/image001.jpg" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=496 height=684 src="Book_dosyalar/image001.jpg" v:shapes="Resim_x0020_3"><![endif]></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:105%; mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>Kitap Sipari_leriniz <span class=SpellE>için</span> Link:&nbsp; </span></b><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'><b><u><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:20.0pt;line-height: 105%;color:#0563C1;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><a href="https://www.ferzat.com/siparis.html">Kitap Sipari_</a></span></u></b><o:p></o:p></p> <div align=center> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=506 style='width:379.5pt;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 3.5pt 3.5pt 3.5pt 3.5pt'> <col width="490"/> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td width=490 valign=top style='width:367.5pt;border:solid black 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.75pt 0in 5.75pt'> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:0in;text-align:center'><span style='color:#2F5597'>&nbsp;</span>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:0in;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%'>Türkiye de Hafif çelik (Soukta _ekil verilmi_) binalar1n yap1m1nda </span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:0in;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%'>Uyulmas1 gereken _artname ve yönetmenlikler</span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:0in;text-align:center'>&nbsp;Dr. Ferzat MERCAN,</p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:0in;text-align:center'>0n_aat Mühendisi, <span class=SpellE>Ph</span>. D.</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Giri_:</span></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in'>&nbsp;<span style='font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Her ülke kendi özel durumuna göre _artnamelere uymaktad1r. Bu _artnameler bilimsel temellere dayanmakla birlikte özel siyas1 nedenler de olabilmektedir. Ülkemiz Avrupa _artnamelerine uyumu benimsenmi_ olmakla birlikte teknik nedenlerden dolay1 baz1 ilaveler ve dei_iklikler de uygulam1_t1r.</span></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Örnein Avrupa k1tas1 büyük deprem ve tayfunlara maruz kalmamaktad1r. Bu nedenle tayfun nedeniyle baz1 Afrika ülkelerinde Avrupa kodu yerine hala Frans1z veya 0ngiliz kodlar1 kullan1lmas1 daha uygun görülmü_tür. Ülkemizde ise depreme daha uygun olan kendi _artnamelerini haz1rlam1_t1r.</span></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Esasen farkl1 _artnameler kullanmak sak1ncal1d1r. Örnein yükleme _artnamesi ba_ka (Yükler ve kombinasyonlar gibi), tasar1m _artnamesinin ise ba_ka bir _artnameden yararlanmas1 sak1ncal1d1r. Bu nedenle haz1rlanan özel Türk ^artnameleri Avrupa _artnameleri ile uyumlu _ekilde haz1rlanm1_t1r.</span></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'>Haz1rlanan baz1 statik raporlarda nerdeyse tüm _artnameler listelenmektedir. Türkiye nin Kuzey Amerika ülkeleri _artnameleri ila alakas1 olmad11n1 hat1rlatmak isteriz.</span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:0in;text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:0in;text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.25in'>1-<span style='font-size:7.0pt;line-height:115%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><u><span style='color:#0563C1'><a href="https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/03/20180318M1-2.htm">Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmelii (TBDY) 2018</a></span></u></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=586 style='width:439.5pt;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 3.5pt 3.5pt 3.5pt 3.5pt'> <col width="181"/><col width="181"/><col width="181"/> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:3.5pt'> <td width=181 style='width:135.75pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #660066 1.0pt; padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:3.5pt'> <p class=western style='margin-left:.25in'><span style='color:red'>18 Mart 2018 PAZAR</span></p> </td> <td width=181 style='width:135.75pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #660066 1.0pt; padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:3.5pt'> <p class=western style='margin-left:.25in'><b>Resmî Gazete</b></p> </td> <td width=181 style='width:135.75pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #660066 1.0pt; padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:3.5pt'> <p class=western style='margin-left:.25in'>Say1 : 30364&nbsp;<b>(Mükerrer)</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:9.0pt'> <td width=572 colspan=3 style='width:429.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in; height:9.0pt'> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-left:.25in'><b>YÖNETMEL0K</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:9.0pt'> <td width=572 colspan=3 style='width:429.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in; height:9.0pt'> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><u>Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Ba_kanl11ndan:</u></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>TÜRK0YE B0NA DEPREM YÖNETMEL00</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>Amaç ve kapsam</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>MADDE 1  &nbsp;</b>(1) Bu Yönetmeliin amac1; yeniden yap1lacak, dei_tirilecek, büyütülecek resmi ve özel tüm binalar1n ve bina türü yap1lar1n tamam1n1n veya bölümlerinin deprem etkisi alt1nda tasar1m1 ve yap1m1 ile mevcut binalar1n deprem etkisi alt1ndaki performanslar1n1n deerlendirilmesi ve güçlendirilmesi için gerekli kurallar1 ve minimum ko_ullar1 belirlemektir.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>Dayanak</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>MADDE 2  &nbsp;</b>(1) Bu Yönetmelik, 15/5/1959 tarihli ve 7269 say1l1 Umumi Hayata Müessir Afetler Dolay1s1yla Al1nacak Tedbirlerle Yap1lacak Yard1mlara Dair Kanunun 3 üncü maddesi ile 29/5/2009 tarihli ve 5902 say1l1 Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Ba_kanl11n1n Te_kilat ve Görevleri Hakk1nda Kanunun 12 inci ve 17 inci maddelerine dayan1larak haz1rlanm1_t1r.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>Uygulanacak esaslar</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>MADDE 3  &nbsp;</b>(1) Deprem etkisi alt1nda binalar1n tasar1m1 için bu Yönetmeliin ekinde yer alan esaslar uygulan1r.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>Yürürlükten kald1r1lan yönetmelik</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>MADDE 4  &nbsp;</b>(1) 6/3/2007 tarihli ve 26454 say1l1 Resmî Gazete  de yay1mlanan Deprem Bölgelerinde Yap1lacak Binalar Hakk1nda Yönetmelik yürürlükten kald1r1lm1_t1r.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>Yürürlük</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>MADDE 5  &nbsp;</b>(1) Bu Yönetmelik 1/1/2019 tarihinde yürürlüe girer.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 7.9pt;margin-left:.25in'><b>Yürütme</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-left:.25in'><b>MADDE 6  &nbsp;</b>(1) Bu Yönetmelik hükümlerini Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Ba_kanl11n1n bal1 olduu Bakan yürütür.</p> </td> </tr> </table> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'><span style='color:red'>Buna göre:</span></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>3.5.1.2 Hafif çelik yap1lar, DD-2 deprem yer hareketinin etkisi alt1nda <i>Kontrollü Hasar</i> (KH) performans hedefini salayacakt1r.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>3.5.2.3 Hafif çelik binalar1n tasar1m1 <b>Bölüm 4</b> e göre Dayan1ma Göre Tasar1m (DGT) yakla_1m1 ile yap1lacakt1r.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>4.3.2.1 Hafif çelik bina ta_1y1c1 sistemi 4.3.3 te tan1mlanan çe_itli süneklik düzeyleri için <i>Ta_1y1c1 Sistem Davran1_1 Katsay1s1</i> R ve <i>Dayan1m Fazlal11 Katsay1s1</i> D, <b>Tablo 4.1</b> de Verilmi_tir.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.25in;text-align:center;line-height:normal'><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Resim_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:274.5pt;height:129pt; visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Book_dosyalar/image009.png" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=366 height=172 src="Book_dosyalar/image010.png" v:shapes="Resim_x0020_1"><![endif]></span></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>4.3.3.2 Hafif çelik ta_1y1c1 sistemine ili_kin tan1mlar ve uyulmas1 gerekli ko_ullar <b>Bölüm 10</b> da verilmi_tir.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>4.4.4.2 Hafif çelik binalarda Yük birle_imleri;</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>(a) <i>Yük ve Dayan1m Katsay1lar1 ile Tasar1m </i>(YDKT) yakla_1m1n1n uygulamas1 durumunda,</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.25in;text-align:center;line-height:normal'><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Resim_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:274.5pt;height:77.5pt; visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Book_dosyalar/image002.jpg" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=366 height=103 src="Book_dosyalar/image002.jpg" v:shapes="Resim_x0020_4"><![endif]></span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.25in;text-align:center;line-height:normal'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;(b) <i>Güvenlik Katsay1s1 ile Tasar1m</i> (GKT) yakla_1m1n1n uygulanmas1 durumunda, Bölüm 16 ye göre temel tasar1m1 (her zaman YDKT) d1_1nda Bölüm 10 da verilen Yük birle_imleri kullan1lacakt1r.</p> <p class=western style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:.25in;line-height:normal'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.25in;text-align:center;line-height:normal'><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Resim_x0020_7" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:354.5pt;height:55pt; visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Book_dosyalar/image003.jpg" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=473 height=73 src="Book_dosyalar/image011.jpg" v:shapes="Resim_x0020_7"><![endif]></span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.25in;text-align:center;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.25in;text-align:center;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;Link : <u><span style='color:#0563C1'><a href="https://www.ferzat.com.tr/Hafif.pdf">BÖLÜM 10</a></span></u></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;</p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:normal'>2-<span style='font-size:7.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><a href="https://intweb.tse.org.tr/standard/standard/Standard.aspx?081118051115108051104119110104055047105102120088111043113104073089116116047074080055056079054114">TS EN 1993-1-3, <b>Bölüm 1-3: Souk _ekillendirilmi_ elemanlar ve kaplama</b></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=474 style='width:355.5pt;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in'> <col width="85"/><col width="68"/><col width="320"/> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:13.0pt'> <td width=474 colspan=3 style='width:355.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:13.0pt'> <p class=western>TÜRK STANDARDI</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>TS No :</b></p> </td> <td width=59 style='width:44.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>TS EN 1993-1-3</b></p> </td> <td width=321 rowspan=2 style='width:240.5pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Resim_x0020_13" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:158.5pt;height:226.5pt; visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Book_dosyalar/image005.png" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=211 height=302 src="Book_dosyalar/image012.png" v:shapes="Resim_x0020_13"><![endif]></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Kabul Tarihi :</b></p> </td> <td width=59 style='width:44.3pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><span style='color:red'>8.07.2024</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Haz1rl1k Grubu :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>Teknik Kurul</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Doküman Tipi :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'></td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Yürürlük Durumu :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>U (Yürürlükteki Standard/Standard, ^ubat 2025 <span class=SpellE>yuruluu</span> <span class=SpellE>Tesbit</span> edilmi_tir)</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Ba_l1k :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><b>Eurocode</b></span><b> 3 - Çelik yap1lar1n tasar1m1 - Bölüm 1-3: Souk _ekillendirilmi_ elemanlar ve kaplama</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7;height:.25in'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:.25in'> <p class=western><b>Ba_l1k (<span class=SpellE>0ng</span>) :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:.25in'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><b>Eurocode</b></span><b> 3 - Design of <span class=SpellE>steel</span> <span class=SpellE>structures</span> - <span class=SpellE>Part</span> 1-3: <span class=SpellE>Cold-formed</span> <span class=SpellE>members</span> and <span class=SpellE>sheeting</span></b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Kapsam :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>1.1 <span class=SpellE>prEN</span> 1993-1-3'ün kapsam1</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>(1) Bu belge, souk _ekillendirilmi_ çelik elemanlar1n ve saclar1n yap1sal tasar1m1na ili_kin kurallar1 salar.</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>(2) Bu belge, rulo _ekillendirme veya pres bükme gibi i_lemlerle souk _ekillendirilmi_, kaplanm1_ veya kaplanmam1_ s1cak veya souk haddelenmi_ sac veya _eritten yap1lm1_ souk _ekillendirilmi_ çelik ürünlerine uygulan1r. Ayr1ca, sürekli bükme veya rulo _ekillendirme yoluyla üretim s1ras1nda eriltilen saclar1 ve elemanlar1 da kapsar. 0ç flan_lar1n ezilmesiyle olu_an erilie sahip saclar dahil deildir. Bu belge, in_aat a_amas1nda kompozit çelik ve beton levhalar için profilli çelik saclar1n tasar1m1na da uygulanabilir, bkz. EN 1994. Souk _ekillendirilmi_ çelik elemanlardan ve saclardan yap1lm1_ çelik yap1lar1n yap1m1 EN 1090 4'te ele al1nm1_t1r. C1vatal1 balant1lar için hükümler EN 1090 2'de salanm1_t1r. NOT <span class=SpellE>prEN</span> 1993 1 3'teki kurallar, EN 1993 1'in dier bölümlerindeki kurallar1 tamamlar.</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>(3) Çelik saclar1 yap1sal diyafram olarak kullanarak, gerilmi_ deri tasar1m1 için de yöntemler verilmi_tir.</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>(4) Bu belge, EN 10219'a salanan souk _ekillendirilmi_ dairesel ve dikdörtgen yap1sal içi bo_ bölümler için geçerli deildir; bunun için EN 1993 1 1 ve EN 1993 1 8'e at1fta bulunulmu_tur.</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>(5) Bu belge, hesaplama yoluyla tasar1m ve testle desteklenen tasar1m için yöntemler salar. Hesaplama yoluyla tasar1m yöntemleri yaln1zca yeterli deneyim ve test kan1t1n1n mevcut olduu belirtilen malzeme özellikleri ve geometrik oranlar aral1klar1 içinde geçerlidir. Bu s1n1rlamalar test destekli tasar1m için geçerli deildir.</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>1.2 Varsay1mlar</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>(1) Özel olarak belirtilmedii sürece, EN 1990, EN 1991 (tüm parçalar) ve EN 1993 1 1 geçerlidir.</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>(2) <span class=SpellE>prEN</span> 1993 1 3'te verilen tasar1m yöntemleri a_a1daki durumlarda geçerlidir:</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>- uygulama kalitesi EN 1090 4'te belirtildii gibidir, c1vatal1 balant1lar1n uygulama kalitesi EN 1090 2'de belirtildii gibidir ve</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>- yap1 malzemeleri ve ürünleri EN 1993'ün (tüm parçalar) ilgili bölümlerinde veya ilgili malzeme ve ürün özelliklerinde belirtildii gibidir. (2) EN 1993'ün a_a1dakilerle birlikte kullan1lmas1 amaçlanm1_t1r:</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>- çelik yap1lar1n veya çelik bile_enlerin bu belgelerde at1fta bulunulduu EN 1992 ila EN 1999 bölümleri;</p> <p class=western>- Çelik yap1lara ili_kin yap1 ürünleri için EN, EAD ve ETA standartlar1.</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Yerini Ald11 :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><u><span style='color:#0563C1'><a href="https://intweb.tse.org.tr/standard/standard/Standard.aspx?081118051115108051104119110104055047105102120088111043113104073098069078071104085082104115083103">TS EN 1993-1-3&nbsp;</a></span></u>:2007;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span style='color:#0563C1'><a href="https://intweb.tse.org.tr/standard/standard/Standard.aspx?081118051115108051104119110104055047105102120088111043113104073088079047078054085108074117049120">TS EN 1993-1-3/AC&nbsp;</a></span></u>:2012;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Yararlan1lan Kaynak :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>EN 1993-1-3:2024</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Uluslararas1 Kar_1l1klar :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>EN 1993-1-3-EQV</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>ICS Kodu :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>91.010.30 Teknik Hususlar ; 91.080.13 Çelik Yap1lar</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><b>Cen</b></span><b>/<span class=SpellE>Cenelec</span> :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>CEN</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Dili :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>en</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Renk Durumu :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>Siyah-Beyaz</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Uygulama Durumu :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>Yürürlükte</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Sayfa Say1s1 :</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western>212</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18;height:12.5pt'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western><b>Çak1_an Standart Varsa 0ptal Tarihi (DOW)</b></p> </td> <td width=380 colspan=2 style='width:284.8pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.5pt'> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:19;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td width=94 style='width:70.7pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid #61BBEF 1.0pt; border-bottom:solid #61BBEF 1.0pt;border-right:none;background:#F0F4F8; padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'></td> <td width=59 style='width:44.3pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #61BBEF 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'></td> <td width=321 style='width:240.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid #61BBEF 1.0pt;border-right:solid #61BBEF 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'></td> </tr> </table> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;</p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;3-<span style='font-size: 7.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><u><span style='color:#0563C1'><a href="https://intweb.tse.org.tr/standard/standard/Standard.aspx?081118051115108051104119110104055047105102120088111043113104073100097112047071071086090066043110">TS 498 Yap1 elemanlar1n1n boyutland1r1lmas1nda al1nacak yüklerin hesap deerleri</a></span></u></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=576 style='width:6.0in;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184; mso-table-lspace:2.25pt;mso-table-rspace:2.25pt;mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph;mso-table-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-table-left:left;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in' hspace=5 vspace=4> <col width="102"/><col width="472"/> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:13.5pt'> <td width=574 colspan=2 style='width:430.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:13.5pt'> <p class=western>TÜRK STANDARDI</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>TS No :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>TS 498/T3</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Kabul Tarihi :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>8.07.2024</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Haz1rl1k Grubu :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>TK-09: 0n_aat Teknik Komitesi</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Doküman Tipi :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'></td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Yürürlük Durumu :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>U (Yürürlükteki Standard/Standard)</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Ba_l1k :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Yap1 elemanlar1n1n boyutland1r1lmas1nda al1nacak yüklerin hesap deerleri</b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Ba_l1k (<span class=SpellE>0ng</span>) :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Design <span class=SpellE>loads</span> <span class=SpellE>for</span> <span class=SpellE>building</span></b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Kapsam :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>Bu standart, konutlar, i_ yerleri, resmi daireler, okullar, hastaneler, spor tesisleri, elence yerleri, garajlar vb. yap1lardaki ta_1y1c1 elemanlar1n (kâgir, beton, betonarme, ah_ap, çelik vb.) boyutland1r1lmas1nda al1nacak yüklerin hesap deerini kapsar. Köprüler, su yap1lar1, önemli dinamik etkilere maruz her çe_it endüstri yap1lar1 ve yüksek gerilim iletme hatlar1 vb. maruz olduklar1 yükler bak1m1ndan özelik gösteren yap1lar1n boyutland1r1lmas1nda dikkate al1nacak yükleri kapsamaz.</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Tadil Edilen :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><u><span style='color:#0563C1'><a href="https://intweb.tse.org.tr/standard/standard/Standard.aspx?081118051115108051104119110104055047105102120088111043113104073082104121083101079078072106111114">TS 498&nbsp;</a></span></u>:2021;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Yararlan1lan Kaynak :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>Firma Katalog ve Bro_ürleri</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Uluslararas1 Kar_1l1klar :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>---</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>ICS Kodu :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>91.040.01 Yap1lar (Genel)</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><b>Cen</b></span><b>/<span class=SpellE>Cenelec</span> :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Dili :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>tr</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Renk Durumu :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>Siyah-Beyaz</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Uygulama Durumu :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>Yürürlükte</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17;height:14.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border:solid white 1.0pt;border-top:none; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Sayfa Say1s1 :</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background: #F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:14.0pt'> <p class=western>1</p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:21.0pt'> <td width=102 style='width:76.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt; border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#F0F4F8; padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt'> <p class=western><b>Çak1_an Standart Varsa 0ptal Tarihi (DOW)</b></p> </td> <td width=472 style='width:354.0pt;border:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt; background:#F0F4F8;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt'> <p class=western>-</p> </td> </tr> </table> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";display:none;mso-hide:all; mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div align=center> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=604 style='width:453.35pt;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 3.5pt 3.5pt 3.5pt 3.5pt'> <col width="475"/> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td width=604 valign=top style='width:453.35pt;border:solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid black .75pt;padding:0in 5.75pt 0in 5.75pt'> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt'><span style='color:red'>Buna Göre (TS498-2021)</span></p> <p class=western align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Resim_x0020_69" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:413pt; height:266pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Book_dosyalar/image007.jpg" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=551 height=355 src="Book_dosyalar/image013.jpg" v:shapes="Resim_x0020_69"><![endif]></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%;page-break-before:always'><b><u><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:105%;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>TS EN1993-1-3 STANDARDINA GÖRE SOUKTA ^EK0L VER0LM0^ ÇEL0K YAPILARIN TASARIMI</span></u></b></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>SUNU^</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Soukta _ekil verilmi_ çelik yap1lar dier genel kullan1m ad1yla hafif çelik yap1lar ilk olarak <span class=SpellE>Amerikada</span> artan ah_ap fiyat1na kar_1 alternatif olarak kullan1lmaya ba_lanm1_ ve giderek artan kullan1m1yla disipline edilerek _artnamelerle desteklenmi_tir. Son y1llarda ad1ndan çok söz ettiren hafif çelik yap1 sistemi y1llarca ülkemizde çelik prefabrik ve modular yap1lar1n ana yap1sal eleman1 olarak kullan1lm1_t1r.</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Çelik <span class=SpellE>Pefabrik</span> yap1 olarak adland1r1lan sistem, hafif çelik elemanlar1 bir araya <span class=SpellE>getirelerek</span> duvar panelleri ve/veya dö_eme-çat1 <span class=SpellE>panellerin1in</span> fabrika ortam1nda olu_turulduu (2 boyutlu)&nbsp; ve sahadan ba_ka bir ortamda haz1rlanm1_ olan bina sistemleridir.</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Modular hafif çelik yap1lar (3 boyutlu) ise bazen konteyner olarak da adland1r1lan ve çe_itli amaçlarla kullan1labilen ve çou eleman1n1n soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik saclardan olu_an yap1 sistemidir.</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Hafif çelik son y1llarda konut in_aat1nda da gittikçe kullan1m1 artan bir yap1 sistemi olmu_tur. Kitab1 haz1rlarken say1n Osman Gazi Sultan 1n y1llarca yurt d1_1nda yapt11 çal1_malar ve ülkemizin ve dünyan1n en büyük hafif çelik ve prefabrik yap1 firmalar1ndan olan <span class=SpellE>Dorçe</span> prefabrik ve 0n_aat firmas1nda olan çal1_malar1 yol göstericisi olmu_tur.</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Bu kitap ülkemizde dizayn _artnamesi olarak önerilen TS EN1993-1-3 _artnamesinin kullan1m1n1 örneklerle ve pratik olarak aç1klayan bir k1lavuz kitap olmu_tur. Kullan1c1lar1n bu kitab1 kullan1rken TS EN1993-1-3 u de incelemi_ ve anlam1_ olmas1 gerekmektedir.</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Dr. Ferzat Mercan</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%;page-break-before: always'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>ÖNSÖZ</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Birkaç sene önce Türk in_aat sektöründe ilk münasebetim Soukta ^ekil Verilmi_ Çelik yap1larda oldu, gördüüm kadar bu tür yap1lar Türkiye Cumhuriyeti nde iyice yayg1nla_maya ba_lam1_t1r, ama ne yaz1k ki buna ramen bu konuda Türkçe yay1nlanan kitap veya kaynaklar oldukça azd1r, bu nedenle bu kitab1n, Türk dizayn _artnamesi olarak önerilen TS EN1993-1-3 _artnamesine uygun olarak haz1rlamas1n dü_ündüm.</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Bu konuda Türkiye Cumhuriyeti nin en büyük firmalar1ndan olan i_ yerim <span class=SpellE>Dorçe</span> Prefabrik Yap1 ve 0n_aat Sanayi Ticaret A.^ firmas1 ve firmada çal1_an, ba_ta olmak üzere say1n Dr. Ferzat Mercan, i_ arkada_lar1m beni yüreklendirdi ve yard1mc1 oldu, bunun için Say1n Cenk Çetin, Say1n Yücel Erdem Atalay, Say1n Merve Çalar ve Say1n Nermin Öztürk arkada_lar1ma te_ekkürü bir borç bilirim. </b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Umar1m ki bu kitap, in_aat mühendislerine ve in_aat mühendislii bölümünün örencilerine, soukta _ekil verilmi_ yap1lar1n tasar1m1nda yard1mc1 bir kaynak olur.</b></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>Osman Sultan</b></p> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:105%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:TR;mso-fareast-language: TR;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><br clear=all style='page-break-before:always'> <br clear=all style='mso-special-character:line-break;page-break-before:always'> </span> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%;page-break-before: always'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'><b>KULLANILAN SEMBOLLER</b><o:p></o:p></p> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=482 style='width:361.5pt;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 2.5pt 2.5pt 2.5pt 2.5pt'> <col width="69"/><col width="393"/> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>A<sub>Ed</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Depremin tasar1m yükü</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:5.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>A<sub>eff</sub></i></span><i> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin kesitin alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>A<sub>eff,f</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Bas1nç alt1nda çal1_an ba_l11n etkin alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>A<sub>eff,w</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Bas1nç alt1nda çal1_an gövdenin etkin alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;height:5.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>A<sub>g</sub></i></span><i> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesit alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5;height:5.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>A<sub>net</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Net enkesit alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>A<sub>g.sh</sub> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Düz kö_eli kesitin (kö_e bükümleri <span class=SpellE>gözard1</span> edilmi_ kesit) alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>A<sub>s1</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Birinci ba_l11n (Flan_1n) ucundaki <span class=SpellE>rijitle_tirme</span> bölgesinin kesit alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>A<sub>s2</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>0kinci ba_l11n (Flan_1n)&nbsp; ucundaki <span class=SpellE>rijitle_tirme</span> bölgesinin kesit alan1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>b</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Profilin geni_lii (Profil ba_l1k geni_lii)</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>b<sub>1</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin gövdesi ile birinci ba_l11n ucundaki <span class=SpellE>rijitle_tirme</span> bölgesinin merkezi aras1ndaki mesafe</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>b<sub>2</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin gövdesi ile ikinci ba_l11n ucundaki <span class=SpellE>rijitle_tirme</span> bölgenin merkezi aras1ndaki mesafe</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>b<sub>eff</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Ba_l11n etkin geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>b<sub>e1</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Ba_l11n etkin geni_liinin gövdeye yak1n k1sm1n1n geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>b<sub>e2</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Ba_l11n etkin geni_liinin <span class=SpellE>Rijitle_tirme</span> bölgesine yak1n k1sm1n1n geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>b<sub>p,i</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western>&nbsp;<i>i numaral1 düzlem parças1n1n geni_lii.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>c</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Berkitme t1rnaklar1n1n (<span class=SpellE>rijitle_iricilerinin</span>) geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>C</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Dönmeye kar_1 yay sertlii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>c</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin enine yerel olarak uygulanan kuvvetin uygulama noktas1ndan sonraki mesafe</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:19;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>C<sub>1</sub>,C<sub>2</sub>,C<sub>3</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Elastik kritik moment hesab1nda kullan1lan yükleme _ekline bal1 sabitler</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:20;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>c<sub>eff</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Berkitme t1rnaklar1n1n etkin geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:21;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>C<sub>g</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin merkezi</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:22;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>C<sub>mx</sub></i></span><i>, <span class=SpellE>C<sub>my</sub></span>, <span class=SpellE>C<sub>mLT</sub></span>, </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Üniform</i></span><i> Moment Katsay1lar1 </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:23;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>C<sub>mx,0 </sub>, C<sub>my,0</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Üniform</i></span><i> Moment Katsay1lar1 </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:24;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>d</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Gövde parçalar1n1n düz boyu</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:25;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>E</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Elastisite modülü (Young modülü)</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:26;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>e<sub>Ny</sub>,e<sub>Nz</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin enkesit merkezi ile brüt enkesit merkezi y ve z yönü aras1ndaki mesafe</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:27;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>f<sub>bv</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Burkulmal1 kesme dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:28;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>F<sub>Ed</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Yerel olarak kesitin enine uygulanan kuvvet (Mesnet reaksiyonu gibi)</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:29;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>F<sub>n,RD</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Yerel olarak kesitin enine uygulanan kuvvete kar_1 Enkesitin dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:30;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>f<sub>ya</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Çeliin ortalama akma gerilmesi</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:31;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>f<sub>yb</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Çeliin akma gerilmesi </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:32;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>G</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesme modülü.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:33;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>G<sub>k,j</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Sabit yükün karakteristik deeri.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:34;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>h</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Profilin yükseklii (Profil gövde yükseklii)</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:35;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>h<sub>1</sub> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Bas1nca çal1_an ba_l1a yak1n olan gövdenin etkin geni_liinin k1sm1n geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:36;height:7.5pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>h<sub>2</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.5pt'> <p class=western><i>Çekmeye çal1_an ba_l1a yak1n olan Gövdenin etkin geni_liinin k1sm1n geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:37;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>h<sub>c</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Gövdenin bas1nç alt1nda çal1_an k1sm1n geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:38;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>h<sub>eff</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Gövdenin etkin geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:39;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>eff</sub></i></span><i> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin enkesitin atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:40;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>eff,f</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Bas1nç alt1nda çal1_an ba_l11n, minör eksene göre etkin atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:41;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>g</sub></i></span><i> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesit atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:42;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>I<sub>g.sh</sub> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Düz kö_eli enkesitin atalet momenti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:43;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>p</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><a name="RANGE!C45"></a><i>Polar atalet momenti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:44;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>I<sub>s1</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Birinci ba_l11n ucundaki <span class=SpellE>rijitle_tirme</span> bölgesinin, bu bölge merkezine göre atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:45;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>I<sub>s2</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>0kinci ba_l11n ucundaki <span class=SpellE>rijitle_tirme</span> bölgesinin, bu bölge merkezine göre atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:46;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>t</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>St</i></span><i> <span class=SpellE>Venant</span> sabiti (burulma sabiti)</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:47;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>w</sub></i></span><i> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesit çarp1lma (bükülme) sabiti.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:48;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>I<sub>w.sh </sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western>&nbsp;<i>Düz kö_eli kesitin çarp1lma (bükülme) sabiti.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:49;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>y</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesitin y eksen yönünde Atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:50;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>z</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesitin z eksen yönünde Atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:51;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>·</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>· Asal eksen yönünde atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:52;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>I<sub>¾</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>¾ Asal eksen yönünde atalet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:53;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>i<sub>f</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Profilin e_deer ba_l11n1n atalet yar1çap1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:54;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>i<sub>y</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesitin y eksen yönünde Atalet yar1çap1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:55;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>i<sub>z</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesitin z eksen yönünde Atalet yar1çap1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:56;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>k</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Ortalama akma gerilmesinin hesab1nda kullan1lan, soukta _ekillendirme tipi ile ilgili katsay1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:57;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>K</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Deplasmana kar_1 yay sertlii </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:58;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>k<sub>f</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Bas1nç alt1nda çal1_an ba_l1klar1n tutukluluk katsay1s1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:59;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>k<sub>w</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Çarp1lma ile bal1 etkin boy katsay1s1. </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:60;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>k<sub>y</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Güçlü eksen yönünde dönme ile bal1 etkin boy katsay1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:61;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>k<sub>z</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Zay1f eksen yönünde dönme ile bal1 etkin boy katsay1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:62;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>k<sub>yy</sub>,k<sub>yz</sub>,k<sub>zy</sub>,k<sub>zz</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Eksenel yük ile eilme momenti etkile_iminin katsay1lar1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:63;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>L<sub>c</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Yanal-burulmal1 burkulmaya kar_1 maruz kalan elaman1n boyu</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:64;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>l<sub>t</sub></i></span><i> </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Eleman1n burulma boyu</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:65;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>m</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Düzlem parçalar1n say1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:66;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>M<sub>by,Rd</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Yanal-burulmal1 burkulmaya kar_1 y-y yönünde moment dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:67;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>M<sub>bz,Rd</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Yanal-burulmal1 burkulmaya kar_1 z-z yönünde moment dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:68;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>M<sub>c,Rd</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Profilin eilme dayan1m1 </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:69;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>M<sub>cr</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kritik elastik moment</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:70;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>M<sub>y,Ed</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>y-y eksenin yönünde tasar1m momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:71;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>M<sub>z,Ed</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>z-z eksenin yönünde tasar1m momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:72;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>n</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Profilde, ac1s1 90° derece ve iç yar1çap1 r d" 5 olan bükümlerin say1s1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:73;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>N<sub>c,Rd</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Bas1nç dayan1m1 </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:74;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>N<sub>b,Rd</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Eilmeli burkulmaya kar_1 eleman1n bas1nç dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:75;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>N<sub>cr,T</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Burulmal1 burkulma için hesaplanan Elastik kritik bas1nç kuvveti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:76;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>N<sub>cr,TF</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Burulmal1-Eilmeli burkulma için hesaplanan Elastik kritik bas1nç kuvveti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:77;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>N<sub>cr,y</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>y -y yönünde burkulma için hesaplanan Elastik kritik bas1nç kuvveti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:78;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>N<sub>cr,z</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>z-z yönünde burkulma için hesaplanan Elastik kritik bas1nç kuvveti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:79;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>N<sub>t,Rd</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesitin çekme dayan1m1 </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:80;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Q<sub>k,1</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin dei_ken yük karakteristik deeri.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:81;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Q<sub>k,i</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Dier dei_ken yük karakteristik deeri.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:82;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>r</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>0ç erilik yar1çap1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:83;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>r<sub>j</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>j numaral1 Bükümlü kö_enin yar1çap1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:84;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>R<sub>w,RD</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Yerel olarak profilin enine uygulanan kuvvete kar_1 profilin dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:85;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>S<sub>c</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesme merkezi</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:86;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>S<sub>d</sub></i></span><i><sub> </sub>&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Gövdenin toplam eik yükseklii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:87;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>S<sub>p</sub></i></span><i>&nbsp; </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Gövde parçalar1n1n aras1nda en uzun parças1n1n eik yükseklii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:88;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>s<sub>s</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin enine yerel olarak uygulanan kuvvetin uygulama bölgenin geni_lii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:89;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>S<sub>w</sub></i></span><i>&nbsp; </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>0ki ba_l11n orta noktalar1ndan ölçülen Gövdenin eik yükseklii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:90;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>S<sub>y0</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesitin y-y yönünde alan momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:91;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>S<sub>z0</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesitin z-z yönünde alan momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:92;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>t</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Cidar kal1nl11</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:93;height:15.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>t<sub>cor</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:15.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Çinko veya ba_ka kaplama katmanlar1 haricinde ölçülen kal1nl1k&nbsp; </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:94;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>t<sub>f</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Ba_l1klar1n kal1nl11</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:95;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>t<sub>nom</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Nominal kal1nl1k</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:96;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>t<sub>red</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Azalt1lm1_ kal1nl1k</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:97;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>t<sub>w</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Gövdenin kal1nl11</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:98;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>V<sub>b,Rd</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>profilin kesme dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:99;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>V<sub>Ed</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Tasar1m Kesme dayan1m1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:100;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>W<sub>eff,y</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin kesitin y-y yönünde mukavemet momenti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:101;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>W<sub>eff,z</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin kesitin z-z yönünde mukavemet momenti</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:102;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>W<sub>el</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin elastik mukavemet momenti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:103;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>W<sub>pl</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin plastik mukavemet momenti </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:104;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Y<sub>j</sub></i></span><i> , <span class=SpellE>Z<sub>j</sub></span></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Simetrisizlik</i></span><i> katsay1s1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:105;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>y<sub>s</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesme merkezinin, kesit merkezine göre y koordinat1 </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:106;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>z<sub>c</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin, bas1nç alt1nda çal1_an k1sm1n1n derinlii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:107;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>z<sub>g</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesitin kesme merkezi ile yükün uygulama noktas1 aras1ndaki z-z eksen yönünde mesafe</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:108;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>z<sub>s</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesme merkezinin, kesit merkezine göre z koordinat1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:109;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>±<sub>y</sub>, ±<sub>z</sub>, ±<sub>T</sub>, ±<sub>LT</sub>, </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Yetersizlik katsay1lar1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:110;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>³<sub>G,i</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Sabit yükler için K1smi faktör katsay1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:111;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>³<sub>M0 </sub>;<span class=SpellE>³<sub>Mi</sub></span><sub> </sub>; <span class=SpellE>³<sub>Mf</sub></span></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Güvenlik katsay1lar1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:112;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>³<sub>Q,1</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin dei_ken yük için K1smi faktör yük katsay1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:113;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>³<sub>Q,i</sub></i></span><i><sub> </sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Dier dei_ken yük (etkin olmayan) K1smi faktör yük katsay1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:114;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>´&nbsp; </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western>&nbsp;<i>Düzeltme katsay1s1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:115;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>µ</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Akma dayan1m1na bal1 katsay1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:116;height:7.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>»</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:7.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Boyutsuz narinlik </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:117;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>»<sub>p</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Düzlem narinlii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:118;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>»<sub>p,red</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Azalt1lm1_ Düzlem narinlii</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:119;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>¼<sub>x</sub>,¼<sub>x</sub></i></span><i>,</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkile_im katsay1lar1n1n hesab1nda kullan1lan yard1mc1 sabitler </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:120;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>¾i</i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Sabit yük <span class=SpellE>G<sub>k,i</sub> nin</span> azaltma etkisini dü_üren bir katsay1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:121;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Á</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Ekin geni_lik azaltma katsay1s1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:122;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ã<sub>com.Ed</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Tasar1m gerilmesi</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:123;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ã<sub>My,ED,</sub>Ã<sub>Mz,ED</sub></i></span><i><sub>,</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Etkin enkesitte, Eilme momenti alt1nda olu_an dorudan gerilme</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:124;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ã<sub>N,ED</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>eksenel yük alt1nda olu_an dorudan gerilme</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:125;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ã<sub>tot,ED</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Total tasar1m gerilmesi </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:126;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ã<sub>W,ED</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesite göre, çarp1lmadan dolay1 olu_an dorudan gerilme</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:127;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ä<sub>t,ED</sub></i></span><i><sub> </sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesite göre, yay1l1 burulmadan dolay1 olu_an kesme gerilmesi</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:128;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ä<sub>tot,ED</sub></i></span></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Total tasar1m kayma gerilmesi </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:129;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ä<sub>vy,ED</sub></i></span><i><sub> ; </sub><span class=SpellE>Ä<sub>vz,ED</sub></span></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Kesme kuvvetinden olu_an kesme gerilmesi</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:130;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Ä<sub>w,ED</sub></i></span><i><sub> </sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Brüt enkesite göre, çarp1lma dolay1ndan olu_an kesme gerilme</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:131;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Õ</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Derece ile ölçülen iki düzlem parçan1n aras1ndaki aç1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:132;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Õ</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Gövdenin eilme derecesi</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:133;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><span class=SpellE><i>Õ<sub>x</sub></i></span><i><sub> </sub>, <span class=SpellE>Õ<sub>y</sub></span><sub> </sub>, <span class=SpellE>Õ<sub>T</sub></span>, <span class=SpellE>Õ<sub>LT</sub></span></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Burkulma dayan1m1n1n azaltma faktörü hesab1nda kullan1lan sabitler</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:134;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Ç, <span class=SpellE>Ç<sub>y</sub></span>, <span class=SpellE>Ç<sub>z</sub></span>,&nbsp; <span class=SpellE>Ç<sub>T</sub></span>, <span class=SpellE>Ç<sub>LT</sub></span>, </i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Burkulmaya bal1 dayan1m azaltma katsay1s1</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:135;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>È</i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Bir düzlemin iki ucundaki aras1nda gerilme oran1 </i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:136;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>¨<sub>0,i </sub>,¨<sub>1,i </sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Dei_ken yük birle_im deeri birle_tirme katsay1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:137;height:5.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>¨<sub>2.i</sub></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:5.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Dei_ken yükün yar1 s1k deeri birle_tirme katsay1s1.</i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:138;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:6.0pt'> <td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>É<sub>0,</sub>É<sub>0i ,</sub><span class=SpellE>É<sub>i</sub></span></i></p> </td> <td width=393 style='width:294.75pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:6.0pt'> <p class=western><i>Sektöriyel koordinatlar</i></p> </td> </tr> </table> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:105%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; color:black;mso-ansi-language:TR;mso-fareast-language:TR;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'><br clear=all style='page-break-before:always'> <br clear=all style='mso-special-character:line-break;page-break-before:always'> </span> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%;page-break-before: always'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%;page-break-before: always'>&nbsp;</p> <p style='margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal'><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;letter-spacing:-.5pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>0Ç0NDEK0LER</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='letter-spacing:-.5pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-bottom:5.05pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148206"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>G0R0^</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black; display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 1</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148207"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Kitab1n amac1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 1</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148208"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik tarihi ve ilgili Standartlar</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display: none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 1</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148209"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik yap1lar1n avantajlar1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 3</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148210"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1.4.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik kesitlerin kullan1m yerleri</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 4</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148211"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1.5.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Kitab1n kapsam1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 5</span></a></p> <p style='margin-bottom:5.05pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148212"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>TS EN 1993  1-3 TASARIM ESASLARI</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>. 9</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148213"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>2.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Yükler ve Kombinasyonlar</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 10</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148214"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 2-1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 12</span></a></p> <p style='margin-bottom:5.05pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148215"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>MALZEMELER</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>.. 17</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148216"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>3.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>TS EN 1993 Standard1na göre Hafif çelik kaliteleri</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 17</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148217"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>3.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çeliin özellikleri</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 19</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148218"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 3-1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 21</span></a></p> <p style='margin-bottom:5.05pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148219"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>KES0TLER0N ÖZELL0KLER0</span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>. 23</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148220"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesitin nominal boyutlar1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 23</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148221"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesit özelliklerinin hesap ko_ullar1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 23</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148222"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Boyut Ko_ullar1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 26</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148223"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesitin geometrik özellikleri</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 27</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148224"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesit alan1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 27</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148225"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesitin alan momenti ve merkez koordinatlar1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 28</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148226"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesitin atalet momenti, <span class=SpellE>I<sub>x</sub></span> ve <span class=SpellE>I<sub>y</sub></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>. 29</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148227"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.4.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesitin atalet yar1çap1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 29</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148228"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.5.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Asal eksenler ve asal eksenlere göre atalet momentleri</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 29</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148229"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.6.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Enkesitin burulma ataleti (<span class=SpellE>St</span> <span class=SpellE>Venant</span> sabiti ) <span class=SpellE>It</span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black; display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 30</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148230"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.7.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Çarp1lma katsay1s1 <span class=SpellE>I<sub>w</sub></span> ve kesme merkezleri <span class=SpellE>y<sub>s</sub></span>, <span class=SpellE>z<sub>s</sub></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 30</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148231"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.8.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Kutupsal (Polar) atalet momenti <span class=SpellE>Ip</span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black; display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 35</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148232"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.4.9.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span class=SpellE><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Simetrisizlik</span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> katsay1lar1, <span class=SpellE>z<sub>j</sub></span> ve <span class=SpellE>y<sub>j</sub></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 35</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148233"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>4.5.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnekler</span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'> 37</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148234"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 4-1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 37</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148235"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 4-2</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 41</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148236"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 4-3</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 44</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148237"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 4-4</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 56</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148238"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 4-5</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 62</span></a></p> <p style='margin-bottom:5.05pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148239"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>STRÜKTÜREL ANAL0ZLER</span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>.. 67</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148240"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Yerel ve genel burkulmalar1n etkisi</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 67</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148241"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Etkin kesit hesaplar1:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 68</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148242"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span class=SpellE><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Rijitle_tirilmemi_</span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> düzlem cidarlar1n etkin geni_lii</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 72</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148243"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.3.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Etkin geni_liin azaltma katsay1s1n1n (Á) hesab1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide: all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 73</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148244"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.4.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>0ki kenar1 tutulu düzlemin etkin geni_lii</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 77</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148245"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.4.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Etkin geni_liin azaltma katsay1s1n1n (Á)hesab1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 77</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148246"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.5.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Bir kenar1 tutulu ikinci kenar1 <span class=SpellE>rijitle_tirilmi_</span> düzlemler</span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'> 79</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148247"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.6.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ kesitlerin etkin özelliklerinin hesab1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black; display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 87</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148248"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>5.7.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnekler& </span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>... 89</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148249"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 5-1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 89</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148250"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 5-2</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 97</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148251"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 5-3</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 107</span></a></p> <p style='margin-bottom:5.05pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148252"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>KES0TLER0N DAYANIM HESAPLARI:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 129</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148253"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Çekme dayan1m1,</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 130</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148254"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Bas1nç dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 130</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148255"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Eilme moment dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 131</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148256"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.4.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Kesme ( Kayma) dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 135</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148257"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.5.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Burulma dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 138</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148258"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.6.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Kesitin enine yerel olarak uygulanan kuvvetlere kar_1 dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black; display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 139</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148259"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.6.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Gövdeleri güçlendirilmemi_ profiller için:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide: all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 139</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148260"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.6.1.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Güçlendirilmemi_ tekil gövdeli profiller:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 139</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148261"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.6.1.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Tekil güçlendirilmi_ gövdeli kesitler:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 141</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148262"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.6.1.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>0ki veya ikinden fazla güçlendirilmemi_ gövdeli profiller:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 143</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148263"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.6.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Boyu boyuna Güçlendirilmi_ gövdeler için</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>. 146</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148264"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.7.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Çekme ile eilme dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 149</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148265"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.8.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Bas1nç ile eilme dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 151</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148266"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.9.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Kesme, bas1nç ve eilme momenti dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 154</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148267"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.10.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Eilme momenti ile yerel yükler dayan1m1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 154</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148268"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>6.11.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnekler</span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'> 158</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148269"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-1 (çekme dayan1m1)</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 158</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148270"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-2&nbsp; (bas1nç dayan1m1)</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 160</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148271"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-3 (moment dayan1m1 1)</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 167</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148272"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-4 (moment dayan1m1 2)</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 174</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148273"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-5 (Eksenel bas1nç dayan1m1)</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 180</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148274"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-6 ( çift yönde moment, Kesme ve Ezilme kontrolü):</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> 182</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148275"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-7 (bas1nç ile eilme momenti)</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 186</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148276"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 6-8 ( eilme momenti ile kesme)</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 190</span></a></p> <p style='margin-bottom:5.05pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148277"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Yap1sal elemanlar1n dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 197</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148278"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Eksenel yük alt1nda çal1_an elemanlar</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 198</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148279"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.1.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Eilmeli Burkulma</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>. 198</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148280"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.1.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Burulmal1 burkulma ve burulmal1-eilmeli burkulma</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none; mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 200</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148281"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Eilme moment alt1nda çal1_an elemanlar</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 206</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148282"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.2.1.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Burkulmal1 moment dayan1m1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 206</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148283"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.2.2.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Yanal-burulmal1 burkulma</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>. 206</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148284"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.2.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Kolayla_t1r1lm1_ hesap yöntemi</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 212</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148285"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.3.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Eksenel yük ile eilme momenti</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> 218</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: .15in;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148286"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>7.4.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnekler</span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'> 225</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148287"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 7-1</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 225</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148288"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek 7-2</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 231</span></a></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.05pt;margin-left: 22.3pt;line-height:normal'><a href="#__RefHeading___Toc490148289"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Örnek7-3</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>. 234</span></a></p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:normal'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;line-height:105%'>&nbsp;</p> <p style='margin-top:12.25pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left: .25in;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;page-break-after:avoid'><a name="__RefHeading___Toc490148206"></a><b><span style='font-size:20.0pt; line-height:150%'>1.</span></b><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;line-height: 150%'>&nbsp; </span></b><b><span style='font-size:20.0pt;line-height:150%'>G0R0^</span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:12.25pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left: 28.1pt;text-indent:-28.1pt;line-height:150%;page-break-after:avoid'><a name="__RefHeading___Toc490148207"></a><b>1.1.</b><b><span style='font-size: 7.0pt;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Kitab1n amac1</b></p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik yap1lar Türkiye de gittikçe yayg1nla_makta ve bu yap1 sistemi ile bina yapan birçok firma hem yurt içinde hem de yurt d1_1na büyük projelere imza atmaktad1r. Buna ramen soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik yap1larla ilgili Türkçe kitap ve hesap kaynaklar1 nadir olarak bulunmaktad1r. Bu kitap, in_aat mühendisleri ve in_aat mühendislii bölümü örencileri için yard1mc1 bir kaynak olmas1 amac1yla haz1rlanm1_t1r.</p> <p style='margin-top:12.25pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left: 28.1pt;text-indent:-28.1pt;line-height:150%;page-break-after:avoid'><a name="__RefHeading___Toc490148208"></a><b>1.2.</b><b><span style='font-size: 7.0pt;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik tarihi ve ilgili Standartlar</b></p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik yap1lar1n ilk kullan1m1 ABD ve 0ngiltere de 1850 y1l1 civar1nda ba_lam1_t1r, fakat 1930 y1l1na kadar bu tip yap1lar1n ve kesitlerin hesab1 ile ilgili bir yöntem veya standart bulunamad11 için yayg1nla_mam1_t1r.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>1930 1930 lu y1llara gelindiinde ise ABD de s1cakta haddelenmi_ çelik profilleri için standartlar ç1kmaya ba_lad1, onlar da Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik için uygun bulunmad1.</p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>1939-1946 y1llar1 aras1nda Amerikan Demir ve Çelik Enstitüsü (<span class=SpellE>American</span> <span class=SpellE>Iron</span> and Steel <span class=SpellE>Institute</span>, AISI) taraf1ndan, soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik tasar1mc1lar1n hocas1 say1lan Profesör George <span class=SpellE>Winter</span> önderliinde  AISI, 1946 ismi alt1nda, ilk Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelikle ilgili (Güvenli dayan1mlar ile tasar1m ASD) yönetmelik yay1nland1. </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Daha sonra AISI-ASD standard1 1956, 1960, 1962, 1968, 1980, and 1986 y1llar1nda sürekli olarak revize edildi. 1991 y1l1nda ilk defa yük ve dayan1m katsay1lar1 ile tasar1m (LRFD) yöntemi standarda eklendi. AISI-1996 versiyonunda iki yöntem (ASD ve LRFD) tek standartta birle_tirdi. </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>2001 y1l1nda standart Kanada, Meksika ve ABD yi kapsayarak birle_tirildi ve kuzey Amerika standard1 olarak&nbsp; (North <span class=SpellE>American</span> <span class=SpellE>Specification</span> NAS 2001 ve AISI-2001) ad1 alt1nda yay1nland1. ve daha sonra 2007, 2010 ve 2015 y1llar1nda standart revize edildi.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>0ngiltere de 1931 y1l1ndan ba_layan ara_t1rmalar sonucu ile ilk 0ngiliz standard1 1958 y1l1nda BS449 <span class=SpellE>Specification</span> <span class=SpellE>for</span> <span class=SpellE>the</span> <span class=SpellE>Use</span> of <span class=SpellE>Cold</span>- <span class=SpellE>Formed</span> Steel <span class=SpellE>Sections</span> in <span class=SpellE>Buildings</span> ad1 alt1nda yay1nlanm1_t1r. Standard 1969, 1970 ve 1975 y1llar1nda revize edildi ve son olarak 1980 y1l1nda iptal edilmi_ ve yerine&nbsp; BS 5950-part5 (<span class=SpellE>Structural</span> <span class=SpellE>use</span> of <span class=SpellE>steelwork</span> in <span class=SpellE>building</span>. <span class=SpellE>Code</span> of <span class=SpellE>practice</span> <span class=SpellE>for</span> <span class=SpellE>design</span> of <span class=SpellE>cold</span> <span class=SpellE>formed</span> <span class=SpellE>thin</span> <span class=SpellE>gauge</span> <span class=SpellE>sections</span>) yay1nlanm1_t1r. Bu standart 1998 y1l1nda Çelik yap1lar1n projelendirilmesi - Bölüm 1-3: Genel kurallar - Soukta ^ekillendirilmi_ ince ölçülü elemanlar ve sacla kaplama için BS EN1993-1-3 (Avrupa ile ortak kod) ad1n1 ald1. </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>EN1993-1-3 standard1 Avrupa n1n birçok ülkesinde 2006 y1l1na kadar kabul gördü. Daha sonra bu standart 2006, 2009 ve 2012 de revize edildi.</p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Türkiye de Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik yap1lar ile ilgili TS 11372 ad1 alt1nda (Çelik Yap1lar-Hafif-Soukta Sekil verilmi_ Profillerle Olu_turulan-Hesap Kurallar1) 1994 te yay1nlanan ve AISI kodunun eski bir versiyonunu baz alan bir Türk Standard1 bunmaktad1r, fakat bu standart uluslararas1 standartlara göre çok geride kalm1_t1, bunun için 27,03,2007 tarihinde Enstitüsü taraf1ndan&nbsp; (<span class=SpellE>Eurocode</span> 3: Çelik yap1lar1n projelendirilmesi - Bölüm 1-3: Genel kurallar - Soukta biçimlendirilmi_ ince ölçülü elemanlar ve saçla kaplama için) standard1 TS EN 1993-1-3 ismi alt1nda Soukta _ekillendirilmi_ çelik yap1lar1n hesab1 için kabul edildi. Bu nedenle bu kitab1n TS EN (<span class=SpellE>Eurocode lerin</span> Türk versiyonu) ne göre haz1rlamas1 uygun bulundu ve ona göre yap1ld1.</p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Dier ülkelerde de&nbsp; soukta _ekil verilmi_ çelik yap1lar1 için yerel kodlar ve standartlar haz1rlanm1_t1r, örnein; </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Çin : Technical <span class=SpellE>Code</span> of <span class=SpellE>Cold-formed</span> <span class=SpellE>Thin-wall</span> Steel <span class=SpellE>Structures</span> <span class=SpellE>Building</span> <span class=SpellE>Code</span>: GB 50018-2002.</p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Japonya : Design Manual of <span class=SpellE>Light-gauge</span> Steel <span class=SpellE>Structures</span> <span class=SpellE>Building</span> <span class=SpellE>Code</span>: Technical <span class=SpellE>standard</span> <span class=SpellE>notification</span> No.1641 <span class=SpellE>concerning</span> <span class=SpellE>light-gauge</span> <span class=SpellE>steel</span> <span class=SpellE>structures</span>.</p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Malezya :&nbsp; <span class=SpellE>Malaysia</span> <span class=SpellE>uses</span> British Standard BS5950, <span class=SpellE>especially</span> BS5950:Part 5; AS4600 (<span class=SpellE>from</span> <span class=SpellE>Australia</span>) </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda :&nbsp; AS/NZS 4600 AS/NZS 4600:2005 <span class=SpellE>Building</span> <span class=SpellE>Code</span> of <span class=SpellE>Australia</span></p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Afrika da Etiyopya:&nbsp; (EBCS-1 <span class=SpellE>Basis</span> of <span class=SpellE>design</span> and <span class=SpellE>actions</span> on <span class=SpellE>structures</span> EBCS-3 Design of <span class=SpellE>steel</span> <span class=SpellE>structure</span>). </p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Güney Afrika da:&nbsp; (SANS 10162 - <span class=SpellE>The</span> <span class=SpellE>Structural</span> <span class=SpellE>Use</span> of Steel: <span class=SpellE>Part</span> 2 - Limit-<span class=SpellE>state</span> <span class=SpellE>design</span> of <span class=SpellE>cold-formed</span> <span class=SpellE>steelwork</span> <span class=SpellE>Building</span> <span class=SpellE>code</span>: <span class=SpellE>National</span> <span class=SpellE>Building</span> <span class=SpellE>Regulations</span> of South <span class=SpellE>Africa</span> Brezilya: NBR 14762:2001(<span class=SpellE>Cold-formed</span> <span class=SpellE>steel</span> <span class=SpellE>design</span> - <span class=SpellE>Procedure</span>, <span class=SpellE>last</span> <span class=SpellE>update</span> 2001) ve&nbsp; NBR 6355:2003 (<span class=SpellE>Cold-formed</span> <span class=SpellE>steel</span> <span class=SpellE>structural</span> <span class=SpellE>profiles</span>, <span class=SpellE>last</span> <span class=SpellE>update</span> 2003) .</p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Filipin : <span class=SpellE>National</span> <span class=SpellE>Structural</span> <span class=SpellE>Code</span> of <span class=SpellE>the</span> <span class=SpellE>Philippines</span> (NSCP) 2010, Volume 1 <span class=SpellE>Buildings</span>, <span class=SpellE>Towers</span>, and <span class=SpellE>other</span> <span class=SpellE>Vertical</span> <span class=SpellE>Structures</span>, <span class=SpellE>Chapter</span> 5 <span class=SpellE>Part</span> 3 Design of <span class=SpellE>Cold-Formed</span> Steel <span class=SpellE>Structural</span> <span class=SpellE>Members</span> is <span class=SpellE>based</span> on AISI S100-2007</p> <p style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-indent:27.35pt'>Hindistan: IS:801, <span class=SpellE>Indian</span> <span class=SpellE>standard</span> <span class=SpellE>code</span> of <span class=SpellE>practice</span> <span class=SpellE>for</span> <span class=SpellE>use</span> of <span class=SpellE>cold-formed</span> <span class=SpellE>light</span> <span class=SpellE>gauge</span> <span class=SpellE>steel</span> <span class=SpellE>structural</span> <span class=SpellE>members</span> in general <span class=SpellE>building</span> <span class=SpellE>construction</span>, <span class=SpellE>Bureau</span> of <span class=SpellE>Indian</span> <span class=SpellE>Standards</span>, New Delhi (1975). (<span class=SpellE>Currently</span> <span class=SpellE>under</span> <span class=SpellE>revision</span>) <span class=SpellE>Building</span> <span class=SpellE>Code</span> : <span class=SpellE>see</span> - model <span class=SpellE>code</span> <span class=SpellE>National</span> <span class=SpellE>Building</span> <span class=SpellE>Code</span> of <span class=SpellE>India</span>.</p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:56.9pt'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'>&nbsp;</p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:105%; mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>Kitap Sipari_leriniz <span class=SpellE>için</span> Link:&nbsp; </span></b><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=western align=center style='margin-bottom:7.9pt;text-align:center; line-height:105%'><u><span style='color:#0563C1'><a href="https://www.ferzat.com/siparis.html"><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:20.0pt;line-height:105%;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>Kitap Sipari_</span></b></a></span></u></p> <p style='margin-bottom:0in'>&nbsp;</p> </div> </body> </html>